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quoted from https://www.mof.gov.sg/Newsroom/Parliamentary-Replies/Singapore-Road-Tax-Structure 1. Road Tax - which are based on engine capacity - are higher for, bigger cars, which tend to consume more fuel and produce more emissions than small cars quoted from https://www.lta.gov.sg/content/ltaweb/en/roads-and-motoring/owning-a-vehicle/costs-of-owning-a-vehicle/tax-structure-for-cars.html 2. VES - The VES takes into consideration a vehicle’s emissions of four other pollutants, namely hydrocarbons (HC), carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen oxides (NOX) and particulate matter (PM), in addition to the vehicle’s carbon dioxide emission, to encourage consumers to shift to less pollutive models. Cars registered from 1 January 2018 to 30 June 2018 (both dates inclusive) will be assessed based on their emissions of four pollutants of HC, CO, NOX and CO2 (i.e. PM emissions is exempted during this interim period). Cars1 registered from 1 July 2018 to 31 December 2019 (both dates inclusive) will be assessed based on their emissions of five pollutants of HC, CO, NOx, PM and CO2. The VES rebate or surcharge will be determined by the worst performing pollutant. Aren't both taxes the same since both are taxed the emission from the car.